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1990-07-05
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ID:51 Disabling Motherboard Memory
DESQview 2.+ Technical Note
by Stan Young
DISABLING MOTHERBOARD MEMORY
The problem of AT "clone" machines on which the motherboard
cannot be disabled below 512K is a difficult one for DESQview
users who want to use an enhanced expanded or EMS 4.0 memory
board to expand the memory available for running programs beyond
640K.
The addition of an enhanced or EMS 4.0 expanded memory board will
allow DESQview to load portions of its code into memory addresses
above 640K resulting in a larger first partion. To get this
large first partition does not require disabling memory on the
motherboard. DESQview can then allow you to run more than 640K
of programs by swapping programs from the first partition to
expanded memory. However, if you want to run concurrent or non-
swappable programs in expanded memory, you must be able to set
expanded memory pages down into the lower 640K.
The size of the partitions that will be available after the first
640K is used up is defined by the size of the area between the
installation address of the expanded memory board and the base
address of the video card. Since an EGA card starts at a 640K
address, an IBM AT or other machine that can set up the expanded
memory card at 256K will get a 384K expanded memory partition
while a "clone" that can only set the motherboard to 512K gets a
128K partition. Even on IBM machines, sometimes this partition
is not as large as one might desire.
There is nothing that software can do to rectify this re-
striction. This is a hardware issue, based on the way expanded
memory hardware works.
So, what do you do if you have a machine that can only set
motherboard memory to 512K?
First, you should consult with the manufacturers support personel
to see if this is really the case. Many times there may be a way
to setup the machine, even though not documented in the manual.
Additionally, some manufacturers may have a new ROM or PAL chip
that permits setting up the motherboard at 256K or below. It
should be noted, that this is an issue of compatibility.
"Clone" machines that cannot set up the motherboard at 256K are
certainly not clones and are incompatible with the IBM machines
at the hardware level. Given high enough level of interest
from users, a manufacturer may develop a fix for the problem.
Secondly, you might consider migrating into a 386 based
environment through the installation of a 386 motherboard or add-
on processor card. Since the 386 chip has such vastly superior
memory management, it is possible to do all of the memory
management necessary without special hardware. On a 386 based
machine, exTENDed memory is used to emulate EMS 4.0 memory and
expanded memory pages can be set on the motherboard from 0K
without disabling any motherboard memory. Additionally, there
are other benifits inherent with the 386 environment, such as
extra speed and reliability.
Third, you might consider the addition of a 286 Memory Management
Unit (MMU), such as the All Computers ChargeCard. This is a new
type of card that provides a 286 machine with some of the memory
management capability that you would get from a 386. As with a
386, using an 286 MMU, memory management is provided at the CPU
level and expanded memory pages can be set on the motherboard
from 0K without disabling any motherboard memory. While these
cards do not increase speed or provide the virtual 86 mode of the
386, they do provide an avenue for obtaining a fully functional
EMS 4.0 system at a modest price.
Copyright (C) 1990 by Quarterdeck Office Systems
* * * E N D O F F I L E * * *